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Elizabeth Fee, PhD and Theodore M. Brown, PhD

Elizabeth Fee is with the History of Medicine Division, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Theodore M. Brown is with the Department of History and Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, University of Rochester, NY.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Elizabeth Fee, Bldg 38, Rm 1E-21, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 (e-mail: elizabeth_fee@nlm.nih.gov).

	Because this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

THIS CONTEMPORARY photogravure of Tony Robert-Fleury’s 1876 painting famously depicts Pinel Freeing the Insane. Completed more than three quarters of a century after the event, it portrays several stock figures in the tradition of asylum art: a woman (on the ground) tearing at her clothing, 2 huddled melancholics, a tense maniac, and a woman (at right) with a vacant stare chained to the wall.¹ In the center is a limp and passive woman, whose stance emphasizes her unthreatening nature. She is being freed from her chains as the commanding figure of Dr Philippe Pinel looks on.

This scene in . . . [Full Text]