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AJPH First Look, published online ahead of print Dec 1, 2005
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January 2006, Vol 96, No. 1 | American Journal of Public Health 51
© 2006 American Public Health Association
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2005.071506

IMAGES OF HEALTH

The Disasters of War

Belle Waring, RN and Elizabeth Fee, PhD

Belle Waring and Elizabeth Fee are with the History of Medicine Division, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Elizabeth Fee, PhD, National Library of Medicine, Bldg 38, Room 1E-21, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD 20894 (e-mail: elizabeth_fee@nlm.nih.gov).

Because this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.

WHEN NAPOLEON’S TROOPS invaded Spain in 1808, the artist Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes (1746–1828) was over 60 years old and already known for his subversive paintings mocking political and religious hypocrisy.1 Napoleon’s military campaigns always included teams of professional artists who painted heroic scenes of famous battles, following instructions from Napoleon’s minister of the arts.2 At the same time, Goya was recording a very different face of war: the struggle of the Spanish people against the invaders and the many horrors of warfare.

During Napoleon’s invasion and occupation of Spain, Goya witnessed what he termed "el desmembramiento . . . [Full Text]






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