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This Article Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) Data Supplement All Versions of this Article: AJPH.2005.076182v1 97/1/133    most recent Submit a response Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (21) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Lyles, C. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Lyles, C. M. Related Collections HIV/AIDS Prevention African Americans/Blacks Hispanics/Latinos Sexual Health Women's Health

Cynthia M. Lyles, PhD, Linda S. Kay, MPH, Nicole Crepaz, PhD, Jeffrey H. Herbst, PhD, Warren F. Passin, MPH, MSW, Angela S. Kim, MPH, Sima M. Rama, MPH, Sekhar Thadiparthi, BS, Julia B. DeLuca, MLS, Mary M. Mullins, MLS for the Hiv/aids Prevention Research Synthesis Team

The authors are with the Prevention Research Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Cynthia M. Lyles, Prevention Research Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Mail Stop E–37, Atlanta, GA 30333 (e-mail: clyles{at}cdc.gov).

Objectives. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Team conducted a systematic review of US-based HIV behavioral intervention research literature from 2000 through 2004 to identify interventions demonstrating best evidence of efficacy for reducing HIV risk.

Methods. Standard systematic review methods were used. Each eligible study was reviewed on the basis of Prevention Research Synthesis Team efficacy criteria that focused on 3 domains: study design, implementation and analysis, and strength of evidence.

Results. Eighteen interventions met the criteria for best evidence. Four targeted HIV-positive individuals. Of those targeting populations at risk for HIV, 4 targeted drug users, 6 targeted adults at risk because of heterosexual behaviors only, 2 targeted men who have sex with men, and 2 targeted youths at high risk. Eight interventions focused on women, and 13 had study samples with more than 50% minority participants. Significant intervention effects included increased condom use and reductions in unprotected sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners, injection drug use or needle sharing, and newly acquired sexually transmitted infections.

Conclusions. Most of the best-evidence interventions are directly applicable for populations in greatest need of effective prevention programs; however, important gaps still exist.

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