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June 2005, Vol 95, No. 6 | American Journal of Public Health 998-1000
© 2005 American Public Health Association
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.047225


RESEARCH AND PRACTICE

Prevalence of Depression by Race/Ethnicity: Findings From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III

Stephanie A. Riolo, MD, MPH, Tuan Anh Nguyen, MD, MPH, John F. Greden, MD and Cheryl A. King, PhD

At the time this research was completed, the authors were with the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Stephanie A. Riolo, MD, MPH, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, 2101 Commonwealth Blvd, Suite C, Ann Arbor, MI 48105-0766 (e-mail: sriolo{at}umich.edu).

Depression prevalence was examined by race/ethnicity in a nationally representative sample. The Diagnostic Interview Schedule was administered to 8449 (response rate=96.1%) participants (aged 15–40 years). Prevalence of major depressive disorder was significantly higher in Whites than in African Americans and Mexican Americans; the opposite pattern was found for dysthymic disorder. Across racial/ethnic groups, poverty was a significant risk factor for major depressive disorder, but significant interactions occurred between race/ethnicity, gender, and education in relation to prevalence of dysthymic disorder.




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