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April 2005, Vol 95, No. 4 | American Journal of Public Health 571-576
© 2005 American Public Health Association
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.055145

GOVERNMENT, POLITICS, AND LAW

Manifold Restraints: Liberty, Public Health, and the Legacy of Jacobson v Massachusetts

James Colgrove, PhD, MPH and Ronald Bayer, PhD

James Colgrove and Ronald Bayer are with the Center for the History and Ethics of Public Health, Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to James Colgrove, PhD, MPH, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, 9th Fl, New York, NY 10032 (e-mail: jc988{at}columbia.edu).

February 2005 marks the centenary of one of the most important pieces of public health jurisprudence, the US Supreme Court case of Jacobson v Massachusetts, which upheld the authority of states to pass compulsory vaccination laws. The Court’s decision articulated the view that the freedom of the individual must sometimes be subordinated to the common welfare.

We examined the relationship between the individual and society in 20th-century public health practice and law and the ways that compulsory measures have been used to constrain personal liberty for the sake of protecting the public health. (Am J Public Health.




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