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Joyce T. Bromberger, PhD, Sioban Harlow, PhD, Nancy Avis, PhD, Howard M. Kravitz, DO, MPH and Adriana Cordal, MD

Joyce T. Bromberger is with the University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, and the University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, Pa. Sioban Harlow is with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Nancy Avis is with the Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC. Howard M. Kravitz is with the Departments of Psychiatry and Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill. Adriana Cordal is with the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Joyce T. Bromberger, PhD, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (e-mail: brombergerjt{at}upmc.edu).

Objectives. We examined racial/ethnic differences in significant depressive symptoms among middle-aged women before and after adjustment for socioeconomic, health-related, and psychosocial characteristics.

Methods. Racial/ethnic differences in unadjusted and adjusted prevalence of significant depressive symptoms (score 16 on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression [CES-D] Scale) were assessed with univariate and multiple logistic regressions.

Results. Twenty-four percent of the sample had a CES-D score of 16 or higher. Unadjusted prevalence varied by race/ethnicity (P < .0001). After adjustment for covariates, racial/ethnic differences overall were no longer significant.

Conclusions. Hispanic and African American women had the highest odds, and Chinese and Japanese women had the lowest odds, for a CES-D score of 16 or higher. This variation is in part because of health-related and psychosocial factors that are linked to socioeconomic status.

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