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July 2004, Vol 94, No. 7 | American Journal of Public Health 1165-1173
© 2004 American Public Health Association

RESEARCH AND PRACTICE

Efficacy of a Woman-Focused Intervention to Reduce HIV Risk and Increase Self-Sufficiency Among African American Crack Abusers

Wendee M. Wechsberg, PhD, Wendy K. K. Lam, PhD, William A. Zule, DrPH and Georgiy Bobashev, PhD

The authors are with RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Wendee M. Wechsberg, PhD, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Drive, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709–2194 (e-mail: wmw{at}rti.org).

Objectives. This study compares 3- and 6-month outcomes of a woman-focused HIV intervention for crack abusers, a revised National Institute on Drug Abuse standard intervention, and a control group.

Methods. Out-of-drug-treatment African American women (n = 620) who use crack participated in a randomized field experiment. Risk behavior, employment, and housing status were assessed with linear and logistic regression.

Results. All groups significantly reduced crack use and high-risk sex at each follow-up, but only woman-focused intervention participants consistently improved employment and housing status. Compared with control subjects at 6 months, woman-focused intervention participants were least likely to engage in unprotected sex; revised standard intervention women reported greatest reductions in crack use.

Conclusions. A woman-focused intervention can successfully reduce risk and facilitate employment and housing and may effectively reduce the frequency of unprotected sex in the longer term.




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