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Susie Hoffman, DrPH, Theresa M. Exner, PhD, Cheng-Shiun Leu, PhD, Anke A. Ehrhardt, PhD and Zena Stein, MA, MB, BCh

Susie Hoffman, Theresa M. Exner, Cheng-Shiun Leu, Anke A. Ehrhardt, and Zena Stein are with the HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute, and the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY. Susie Hoffman and Zena Stein also are with the Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY.

Correspondence: Request for reprints should be sent to Susie Hoffman, DrPH, HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Dr, Unit 15, New York, NY 10032 (e-mail: hoffman{at}pi.cpmc.columbia.edu).

Objectives. We evaluated female-condom use among women participating in an HIV/STD intervention designed to reduce unprotected sex and expand prevention strategies.

Methods. Women (n = 360) were recruited from a family-planning clinic and were randomized into an 8- or 4-session intervention group or a control group. We conducted follow-up interviews at 1, 6, and 12 months.

Results. At 1 month, the odds ratios of first-time female-condom use were 9.49 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.01, 22.20) in the 8-session group and 4.39 (95% CI = 1.84, 10.49) in the 4-session group relative to controls. Repeated use (n = 21) was predicted by perceived ability to use, by self and partner satisfaction, by dislike of male condoms, and by previous diaphragm use.

Conclusions. Gender sensitive cognitive-behavioral interventions can influence women to try the female condom. To increase long-term use, interventions may need to include self-insertion practice and involvement of male partners.

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