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November 2003, Vol 93, No. 11 | American Journal of Public Health 1844-1850
© 2003 American Public Health Association

ADOLESCENT HEALTH

The Public Health Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Adolescent Depression and Obesity

Elizabeth Goodman, MD, Gail B. Slap, MD, MS and Bin Huang, PhD

Elizabeth Goodman is with the Schneider Institute for Health Policy, Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, Mass. This work was begun while Dr Goodman was with the Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio. Gail B. Slap is with the Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Hospital Medical Center, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio. Bin Huang is with the Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Elizabeth Goodman, MD, Schneider Institute for Health Policy, Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, MS 35, 415 South St, Waltham, MA 02454 (e-mail: goodman{at}brandeis.edu).

Objectives. We examined the public health impact of the socioeconomic status (SES) gradient on adolescents’ physical and mental health.

Methods. Population attributable risk (PAR) for household income and parental education were calculated relative to depression and obesity among a nationally representative sample of 15 112 adolescents.

Results. PARs for income and education were large. Across each gender and race/ethnicity group, the PAR for education tended to exceed that for income. For depression, the adjusted PAR for income was 26%, and the PAR for education was 40%; for obesity, the adjusted PAR for income was 32%, and the PAR for education was 39%.

Conclusions. SES is associated with a large proportion of the disease burden within the total population.




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