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Suzanne Maman, PhD, Jessie K. Mbwambo, MD, Nora M. Hogan, PsyD, Gad P. Kilonzo, MBChB, MMed, FRCP(C), Jacquelyn C. Campbell, PhD, RN, FAAN, Ellen Weiss, MSc and Michael D. Sweat, PhD

Suzanne Maman and Michael D. Sweat are with the Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md. Jessie K. Mbwambo, Nora M. Hogan, and Gad P. Kilonzo are with the Department of Psychiatry, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Jacquelyn C. Campbell is with the Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, Md. Ellen Weiss is with the Horizons Project/International Center for Research on Women, Washington, DC.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Suzanne Maman, PhD, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Room E7146, Baltimore, MD 21205 (e-mail: smaman{at}jhsph.edu).

Objectives. Experiences of partner violence were compared between HIV-positive and HIV-negative women.

Methods. Of 340 women enrolled, 245 (72%) were followed and interviewed 3 months after HIV testing to estimate the prevalence and identify the correlates of violence.

Results. The odds of reporting at least 1 violent event was significantly higher among HIV-positive women than among HIV-negative women (physical violence odds ratio [OR] = 2.63; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23, 5.63; sexual violence OR = 2.39; 95% CI = 1.21, 4.73). Odds of reporting partner violence was 10 times higher among younger (< 30 years) HIV-positive women than among younger HIV-negative women (OR = 9.99; 95% CI = 2.67, 37.37).

Conclusions. Violence is a risk factor for HIV infection that must be addressed through multilevel prevention approaches.

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