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February 2002, Vol 92, No. 2 | American Journal of Public Health 180-190
© 2002 American Public Health Association

PUBLIC HEALTH THEN AND NOW

"Health for Three-Thirds of the Nation" : Public Health Advocacy of Universal Access to Medical Care in the United States

Alan Derickson, PhD, MPH

The author is with the Department of Labor Studies and Industrial Relations, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Alan Derickson, PhD, MPH, Department of Labor Studies and Industrial Relations, 129 Willard Bldg, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 (e-mail: avd3{at}psu.edu).

The public health community has made important, original contributions to the debate over universal access to health services in the United States. Well before the decision of the American Public Health Association in 1944 to endorse a health plan encompassing virtually the entire populace, prominent public health practitioners and scholars embraced universality as an essential principle of health policy. Influenced by Arthur Newsholme, C.-E. A. Winslow began to promote this principle in the 1920s. Many others came to justify universal medical care as a corollary of the traditional ideal of all-inclusive public health services. By the 1940s, most leaders in the field saw national health insurance as the best way to attain universal access. For the past 30 years, advocates of universalism have asserted a social right to health services.




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