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Nancy Van Devanter, DrPH, Virginia Gonzales, EdD, Cheryl Merzel, DrPH, Nina S. Parikh, MPH, David Celantano, PhD and Judith Greenberg, PhD

Nancy Van Devanter, Cheryl Merzel, and Nina S. Parikh are with the Division of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY. Virginia Gonzales is with the Center for Health, Education, and Research, University of Washington, Seattle. David Celantano is with the Infectious Disease Program, Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Md. Judith Greenberg is with the Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Nancy Van Devanter, DrPH, Division of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 600 W 168th St, 7th floor, New York, NY 10032.

Objectives. This study assessed the effectiveness of a sexually transmitted disease (STD)/HIV behavior change intervention in increasing women's use of the female condom.

Methods. A total of 604 women at high risk for STDs and HIV in New York City, Baltimore, Md, and Seattle, Wash, enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of a small-group, skills-training intervention that included information and skills training in the use of the female condom.

Results. In a logistic regression, the strongest predictors of use were exposure to the intervention (odds ratio [OR] = 5.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.8, 10.7), intention to use the female condom in the future (OR = 4.5; 95% CI = 2.4, 8.5), having asked a partner to use a condom in the past 30 days (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.3, 3.9), and confidence in asking a partner to use a condom (OR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.1, 3.5).

Conclusions. Clinicians counseling women in the use of the female condom need to provide information, demonstrate its correct use with their clients, and provide an opportunity for their clients to practice skills themselves.

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