HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Submit a response Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Costello, E. J. Articles by Angold, A. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Costello, E. J. Articles by Angold, A. Related Collections Minority Children Mental Health African Americans/Blacks Rural Health Socioeconomic Factors

E. Jane Costello, PhD, Gordon P. Keeler, MS and Adrian Angold, MRCPsych

The authors are with the Developmental Epidemiology Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to E. Jane Costello, PhD, Center for Developmental Epidemiology, Box 3454, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 (e-mail: jcostell{at}psych.mc.duke.edu).

Objectives. This study examined the effect of poverty on the prevalence of psychiatric disorder in rural Black and White children.

Methods. A representative sample of 541 Black children and 379 White children aged 9 to 17 was drawn from 4 predominantly rural counties. Structured interviews with parents and children collected information on psychiatric disorders, absolute and relative poverty, and risk factors for psychiatric disorder.

Results. Three-month prevalence of psychiatric disorder was similar to that found in other community samples (20%). Federal criteria for poverty were met by 18% of the White and 52% of the Black families. Black and White children were exposed to equal numbers of risk factors overall, but the association between poverty and psychopathology was stronger for White children (odds ratio [OR] = 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1, 4.2) than for Black children (OR = 1.5; 95% CI = 0.9, 2.6). Family history of mental illness, poor parenting, and residential instability mediated this association in both groups.

Conclusions. In this rural sample, poverty was only weakly associated with child psychiatric disorders. Risk factors for both racial/ethnic groups were family mental illness, multiple moves, lack of parental warmth, lax supervision, and harsh punishment.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. N. Visser, C. A. Lesesne, and R. Perou National Estimates and Factors Associated With Medication Treatment for Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Pediatrics, February 1, 2007; 119(Supplement_1): S99 - S106. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. J. Costello, W. Copeland, A. Cowell, and G. Keeler Service Costs of Caring for Adolescents With Mental Illness in a Rural Community, 1993-2000 Am J Psychiatry, January 1, 2007; 164(1): 36 - 42. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. WEICH, L. TWIGG, and G. LEWIS Rural/non-rural differences in rates of common mental disorders in Britain: Prospective multilevel cohort study The British Journal of Psychiatry, January 1, 2006; 188(1): 51 - 57. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Xue, T. Leventhal, J. Brooks-Gunn, and F. J. Earls Neighborhood Residence and Mental Health Problems of 5- to 11-Year-Olds Arch Gen Psychiatry, May 1, 2005; 62(5): 554 - 563. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Weich Absence of spatial variation in rates of the common mental disorders J. Epidemiol. Community Health, April 1, 2005; 59(4): 254 - 257. [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Arcia, H. Castillo, and M. C. Fernandez Maternal Cognitions about Distress and Anxiety in Young Latino Children with Disruptive Behaviors Transcultural Psychiatry, March 1, 2004; 41(1): 99 - 119. [Abstract] [PDF]

				G. Canino, P. E. Shrout, M. Rubio-Stipec, H. R. Bird, M. Bravo, R. Ramirez, L. Chavez, M. Alegria, J. J. Bauermeister, A. Hohmann, et al. The DSM-IV Rates of Child and Adolescent Disorders in Puerto Rico: Prevalence, Correlates, Service Use, and the Effects of Impairment Arch Gen Psychiatry, January 1, 2004; 61(1): 85 - 93. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Clark, R. R. Dogan Jr., and N. J. Akbar Youth and Parental Correlates of Externalizing Symptoms, Adaptive Functioning, and Academic Performance: An Exploratory Study in Preadolescent Blacks Journal of Black Psychology, May 1, 2003; 29(2): 210 - 229. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S. Mustillo, C. Worthman, A. Erkanli, G. Keeler, A. Angold, and E. J. Costello Obesity and Psychiatric Disorder: Developmental Trajectories Pediatrics, April 1, 2003; 111(4): 851 - 859. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]