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American Journal of Public Health, Vol 91, Issue 6 984-987, Copyright © 2001 by American Public Health Association

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Predictors of accidental fatal drug overdose among a cohort of injection drug users

PT O'Driscoll, J McGough, H Hagan, H Thiede, C Critchlow and ER Alexander
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA. odriscol@umbi.umd.edu

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated factors associated with accidental fatal drug overdose among a cohort of injection drug users (IDUs). METHODS: In a prospective cohort study of 2849 IDUs in King County, Washington, deaths were identified by electronically merging subject identifiers with death certificate records. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of overdose mortality. RESULTS: Thirty-two overdoses were observed. Independent predictors of overdose mortality were bisexual sexual orientation (relative risk [RR] = 4.86; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.30, 13.2), homelessness (RR = 2.30; 95% CI = 1.06, 5.01), infrequent injection of speedballs (RR = 5.36; 95% CI = 1.58, 18.1), daily use of powdered cocaine (RR = 4.84; 95% CI = 1.13, 20.8), and daily use of poppers (RR = 22.0; 95% CI = 1.74, 278). CONCLUSIONS: Sexual orientation, homelessness, and drug use identify IDUs who may benefit from targeted interventions.


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K. H. Seal, A. H. Kral, L. Gee, L. D. Moore, R. N. Bluthenthal, J. Lorvick, and B. R. Edlin
Predictors and Prevention of Nonfatal Overdose Among Street-Recruited Injection Heroin Users in the San Francisco Bay Area, 1998-1999
Am J Public Health, November 1, 2001; 91(11): 1842 - 1846.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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