AJPH
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Submit a response
Right arrow Purchase Article
Right arrow View Shopping Cart
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Clements-Nolle, K.
Right arrow Articles by Katz, M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Clements-Nolle, K.
Right arrow Articles by Katz, M.
Related Collections
Right arrow Access to Care
Right arrow HIV/AIDS
Right arrow Mental Health
Right arrow African Americans/Blacks
Right arrow Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual/Transgender Persons
Right arrow Drugs

American Journal of Public Health, Vol 91, Issue 6 915-921, Copyright © 2001 by American Public Health Association

JOURNAL ARTICLE

HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, health care use, and mental health status of transgender persons: implications for public health intervention

K Clements-Nolle, R Marx, R Guzman and M Katz
Epidemiology and Evaluation Section, San Francisco Department of Public Health, 25 Van Ness, #500, San Francisco, CA 94102, USA. kristen_clements@dph.sf.ca.us

OBJECTIVES: This study described HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, health care use, and mental health status of male-to-female and female-to-male transgender persons and determined factors associated with HIV. METHODS: We recruited transgender persons through targeted sampling, respondent-driven sampling, and agency referrals; 392 male-to-female and 123 female-to-male transgender persons were interviewed and tested for HIV. RESULTS: HIV prevalence among male-to-female transgender persons was 35%. African American race (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 5.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.82, 11.96), a history of injection drug use (OR = 2.69; 95% CI = 1.56, 4.62), multiple sex partners (adjusted OR = 2.64; 95% CI = 1.50, 4.62), and low education (adjusted OR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.17, 3.68) were independently associated with HIV. Among female-to-male transgender persons, HIV prevalence (2%) and risk behaviors were much lower. Most male-to-female (78%) and female-to-male (83%) transgender persons had seen a medical provider in the past 6 months. Sixty-two percent of the male-to-female and 55% of the female-to-male transgender persons were depressed; 32% of each population had attempted suicide. CONCLUSIONS: High HIV prevalence suggests an urgent need for risk reduction interventions for male-to-female transgender persons. Recent contact with medical providers was observed, suggesting that medical providers could provide an important link to needed prevention, health, and social services.


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Am. J. Public HealthHome page
S. M. Marks, C. Murrill, T. Sanchez, K.-l. Liu, T. Finlayson, and V. Guilin
Self-Reported Tuberculosis Disease and Tuberculin Skin Testing in the New York City House Ballroom Community
Am J Public Health, June 1, 2008; 98(6): 1068 - 1073.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Public HealthHome page
C. S. Murrill, K.-l. Liu, V. Guilin, E. R. Colon, L. Dean, L. A. Buckley, T. Sanchez, T. J. Finlayson, and L. V. Torian
HIV Prevalence and Associated Risk Behaviors in New York City's House Ball Community
Am J Public Health, June 1, 2008; 98(6): 1074 - 1080.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Latin American PerspectivesHome page
C. Howe, S. Zaraysky, and L. Lorentzen
Transgender Sex Workers and Sexual Transmigration between Guadalajara and San Francisco
Latin American Perspectives, January 1, 2008; 35(1): 31 - 50.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Public HealthHome page
H. L. Corliss, M. D. Shankle, and M. B. Moyer
Research, Curricula, and Resources Related to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health in US Schools of Public Health
Am J Public Health, June 1, 2007; 97(6): 1023 - 1027.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Public HealthHome page
J. W. Edwards, D. G. Fisher, and G. L. Reynolds
Male-to-Female Transgender and Transsexual Clients of HIV Service Programs in Los Angeles County, California
Am J Public Health, June 1, 2007; 97(6): 1030 - 1033.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Public HealthHome page
C. M. Lyles, L. S. Kay, N. Crepaz, J. H. Herbst, W. F. Passin, A. S. Kim, S. M. Rama, S. Thadiparthi, J. B. DeLuca, M. M. Mullins, et al.
Best-Evidence Interventions: Findings From a Systematic Review of HIV Behavioral Interventions for US Populations at High Risk, 2000-2004
Am J Public Health, January 1, 2007; 97(1): 133 - 143.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Public HealthHome page
R. M. Melendez, T. A. Exner, A. A. Ehrhardt, B. Dodge, R. H. Remien, M.-J. Rotheram-Borus, M. Lightfoot, D. Hong, and The National Institute Of Mental Health Healthy Li
Health and Health Care Among Male-to-Female Transgender Persons Who Are HIV Positive
Am J Public Health, June 1, 2006; 96(6): 1034 - 1037.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Sex. Transm. Infect.Home page
C Caceres, K Konda, M Pecheny, A Chatterjee, and R Lyerla
Estimating the number of men who have sex with men in low and middle income countries
Sex. Transm. Inf., June 1, 2006; 82(suppl_3): iii3 - iii9.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am J Trop Med HygHome page
J. VINOLES, M. SERRA, J. C. RUSSI, D. RUCHANSKY, S. SOSA-ESTANI, S. M. MONTANO, G. CARRION, L. M. EYZAGUIRRE, J. K. CARR, J. G. OLSON, et al.
SEROINCIDENCE AND PHYLOGENY OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTIONS IN A COHORT OF COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS IN MONTEVIDEO, URUGUAY
Am J Trop Med Hyg, April 1, 2005; 72(4): 495 - 500.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Public HealthHome page
T. Nemoto, D. Operario, J. Keatley, H. Nguyen, and E. Sugano
Promoting Health for Transgender Women: Transgender Resources and Neighborhood Space (TRANS) Program in San Francisco
Am J Public Health, March 1, 2005; 95(3): 382 - 384.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Public HealthHome page
T. Nemoto, D. Operario, J. Keatley, L. Han, and T. Soma
HIV Risk Behaviors Among Male-to-Female Transgender Persons of Color in San Francisco
Am J Public Health, July 1, 2004; 94(7): 1193 - 1199.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Public HealthHome page
M. J. Robertson, R. A. Clark, E. D. Charlebois, J. Tulsky, H. L. Long, D. R. Bangsberg, and A. R. Moss
HIV Seroprevalence Among Homeless and Marginally Housed Adults in San Francisco
Am J Public Health, July 1, 2004; 94(7): 1207 - 1217.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EthnographyHome page
S. L. Eyre, R. de Guzman, A. A. Donovan, and C. Boissiere
'Hormones is not magic wands': Ethnography of a Transgender scene in Oakland, California
Ethnography, June 1, 2004; 5(2): 147 - 172.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Int J EpidemiolHome page
M. W Leung, I. H Yen, and M. Minkler
Community based participatory research: a promising approach for increasing epidemiology's relevance in the 21st century
Int. J. Epidemiol., June 1, 2004; 33(3): 499 - 506.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am J Trop Med HygHome page
J. C. RUSSI, M. SERRA, J. VINOLES, M. T. PEREZ, D. RUCHANSKY, G. ALONSO, J. L. SANCHEZ, K. L. RUSSELL, S. M. MONTANO, M. NEGRETE, et al.
SEXUAL TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS, HEPATITIS C VIRUS, AND HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 INFECTIONS AMONG MALE TRANSVESTITE COMERCIAL SEX WORKERS IN MONTEVIDEO, URUGUAY
Am J Trop Med Hyg, June 1, 2003; 68(6): 716 - 720.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright © 2001 by the American Public Health Association