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RESEARCH |
Ken Resnicow, Alice Jackson, Terry Wang, Anindya K. De, and Frances McCarty are, and at the time of study William N. Dudley was, with the Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga. Tom Baranowski is with the Baylor University School of Medicine, Houston, Tex.
Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Ken Resnicow, PhD, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 (e-mail: kresnic{at}sph.emory.edu).
Objectives. This study reports on Eat for Life, a multicomponent intervention to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among African Americans that was delivered through Black churches.
Methods. Fourteen churches were randomly assigned to 3 treatment conditions: (1) comparison, (2) self-help intervention with 1 telephone cue call, and (3) self-help with 1 cue call and 3 counseling calls. The telephone counseling in group 3 was based on motivational interviewing. The primary outcome, assessed at baseline and 1-year follow-up, was fruit and vegetable intake as assessed by 3 food frequency questionnaires.
Results. Change in fruit and vegetable intake was significantly greater in the motvational interviewing group than in the comparison and self-help groups. The net difference between the motivational interviewing and comparison groups was 1.38, 1.03, and 1.21 servings of fruits and vegetables per day for the 2-item, 7-item, and 36-item food frequency questionnaires, respectively. The net difference between the motivational interviewing and self-help groups was 1.14, 1.10, and 0.97 servings for the 2-item, 7-item, and 36-item food frequency questionnaires, respectively.
Conclusions. Motivational interviewing appears to be a promising strategy for modifying dietary behavior, and Black churches are an excellent setting to implement and evaluate health promotion programs.
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