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American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 89, Issue 5 758-761, Copyright © 1999 by American Public Health Association

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Darryl, a cartoon-based measure of cardinal posttraumatic stress symptoms in school-age children.

R Neugebauer, G A Wasserman, P W Fisher, J Kline, P A Geller and L S Miller

Epidemiology of Developmental Brain Disorders Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY 10032, USA.

OBJECTIVES: This report examines the reliability and validity of Darryl, a cartoon-based measure of the cardinal symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHODS: We measured exposure to community violence through the reports of children and their parents and then administered Darryl to a sample of 110 children aged 7 to 9 residing in urban neighborhoods with high crime rates. RESULTS: Darryl's reliability is excellent overall and is acceptable for the reexperiencing, avoidance, and arousal subscales, considered separately. Child reports of exposure to community violence were significantly associated with child reports of PTSD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Darryl possesses acceptable psychometric properties in a sample of children with frequent exposure to community violence.




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M. F. Ziegler, M. H. Greenwald, M. A. DeGuzman, and H. K. Simon
Posttraumatic Stress Responses in Children: Awareness and Practice Among a Sample of Pediatric Emergency Care Providers
Pediatrics, May 1, 2005; 115(5): 1261 - 1267.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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