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National survey of the states: policies and practices regarding drug-using pregnant women.

W Chavkin, V Breitbart, D Elman and P H Wise

School of Public Health and College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA.

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the impact of national policy shifts on state policies and practices regarding substance-using mothers. METHODS: A 1995 telephone survey of substance abuse and child protective services directors in all 50 states and the District of Columbia was compared with a similar 1992 survey. RESULTS: There have been significant increases in state interventions for drug-using pregnant women (e.g., criminal prosecution, toxicology testing of women and neonates). Federal resources for treatment and oversight are being replaced by state control of reduced funds for treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The earlier policy of expanding treatment for addicted women is being replaced by reduction of services and increased state intervention.

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Substance abuse and addiction--the need to know.

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