HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Submit a response Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Källén, K Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Källén, K

Maternal smoking during pregnancy and limb reduction malformations in Sweden.

K Källén

Tornblad Institute, University of Lund, Sweden.

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to investigate a possible connection between different types of limb reduction defects and maternal smoking during pregnancy. METHODS: With the use of the Swedish health registries, 610 cases of limb reduction malformations were selected from among 1 109 299 infants born between 1983 and 1993 with known smoking exposure in early pregnancy. Confounders such as maternal age and parity were controlled for with the use of the Mantel-Haenszel technique. RESULTS: The odds ratio for any maternal smoking among all cases of limb reductions was 1.26 (95% confidence interval = 1.06, 1.50). The main subgroups of limb reduction defects showed similar odds ratios, but in longitudinal reduction defect, only unilateral cases showed an association with maternal smoking. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports an association between maternal smoking and limb reduction malformations, but further work is needed before a causal inference can be made.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				E. L. Carmines, C. L. Gaworski, A. S. Faqi, and N. Rajendran In Utero Exposure to 1R4F Reference Cigarette Smoke: Evaluation of Developmental Toxicity Toxicol. Sci., September 1, 2003; 75(1): 134 - 147. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Ritz, F. Yu, S. Fruin, G. Chapa, G. M. Shaw, and J. A. Harris Ambient Air Pollution and Risk of Birth Defects in Southern California Am. J. Epidemiol., January 1, 2002; 155(1): 17 - 25. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]