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Risk factors associated with antibodies to leptospires in inner-city residents of Baltimore: a protective role for cats.

J E Childs, B S Schwartz, T G Ksiazek, R R Graham, J W LeDuc and G E Glass

Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Md 21205.

Leptospiral antibody prevalence was 16% in residents of Baltimore. Seropositivity was associated with age, gender, race, and bird ownership, reduced the antibody risk associated with age and race from odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of 3.3 (2.0, 5.5) and 3.3 (1.1, 9.3), respectively, to the baseline level. These data establish the high prevalence of leptospiral antibody in Baltimore and suggest a protective role for cats in reducing the risk of human infection.

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