HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Submit a response View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Brownson, R C Articles by Loy, T S Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Brownson, R C Articles by Loy, T S

Passive smoking and lung cancer in nonsmoking women.

R C Brownson, M C Alavanja, E T Hock and T S Loy

Division of Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Missouri Department of Health, Columbia 65203.

OBJECTIVES. The causes of lung cancer among nonsmokers are not clearly understood. To further evaluate the relation between passive smoke exposure and lung cancer in nonsmoking women, we conducted a population-based, case-control study. METHODS. Case patients (n = 618), identified through the Missouri Cancer Registry for the period 1986 through 1991, included 432 lifetime nonsmokers and 186 ex-smokers who had stopped at least 15 years before diagnosis or who had smoked for less than 1 pack-year. Control subjects (n = 1402) were selected from driver's license and Medicare files. RESULTS. No increased risk of lung cancer was associated with childhood passive smoke exposure. Adulthood analyses showed an increased lung cancer risk for lifetime nonsmokers with exposure of more than 40 pack-years from all household members (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0, 1.8) or from spouses only (OR = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.0, 1.7). When the time-weighted product of pack-years and average hours exposed per day was considered, a 30% excess risk was shown at the highest quartile of exposure among lifetime nonsmokers. CONCLUSIONS. Ours and other recent studies suggest a small but consistent increased risk of lung cancer from passive smoking. Comprehensive actions to limit smoking in public places and worksites are well-advised.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				L. Dolgonos and W. J. Janssen A 75-Year-Old Woman With Dyspnea and a Sore Throat Chest, April 1, 2008; 133(4): 1014 - 1020. [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Taylor, F. Najafi, and A. Dobson Meta-analysis of studies of passive smoking and lung cancer: effects of study type and continent Int. J. Epidemiol., October 1, 2007; 36(5): 1048 - 1059. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Stayner, J. Bena, A. J. Sasco, R. Smith, K. Steenland, M. Kreuzer, and K. Straif Lung Cancer Risk and Workplace Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Am J Public Health, March 1, 2007; 97(3): 545 - 551. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. N. Lee, J. S. Fry, and B. Forey Revisiting the Association between Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk: V. Overall Conclusions Indoor and Built Environment, March 1, 2002; 11(2): 59 - 82. [Abstract] [PDF]

				K. T. Bogen and H. Witschi Lung tumors in A/J mice exposed to environmental tobacco smoke: estimated potency and implied human risk Carcinogenesis, March 1, 2002; 23(3): 511 - 519. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.S. Jaakkola Environmental tobacco smoke and health in the elderly Eur. Respir. J., January 1, 2002; 19(1): 172 - 181. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. N Lee, B. Forey, and J. S. Fry Revisiting the Association between Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk: IV. Investigating Heterogeneity between Studies Indoor and Built Environment, January 1, 2002; 11(1): 4 - 17. [Abstract] [PDF]

				P. N. Lee, B. Forey, and J. S. Fry Revisiting the Association between Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk: III. Adjustment for the Biasing Effect of Misclassification of Smoking Habits Indoor and Built Environment, November 1, 2001; 10(6): 384 - 398. [Abstract] [PDF]

				K. H. Vahakangas, W. P. Bennett, K. Castren, J. A. Welsh, M. A. Khan, B. Blomeke, M. C. R. Alavanja, and C. C. Harris p53 and K-ras Mutations in Lung Cancers from Former and Never-Smoking Women Cancer Res., June 1, 2001; 61(11): 4350 - 4356. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. S. Fry and P. N. Lee Revisiting the Association between Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk: I. The Dose-Response Relationship with Amount and Duration of Smoking by the Husband Indoor and Built Environment, November 1, 2000; 9(6): 303 - 316. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A. R. Tricker Re: Environmental Tobacco Smoke, Genetic Susceptibility, and Risk of Lung Cancer in Never-Smoking Women J Natl Cancer Inst, May 3, 2000; 92(9): 760 - 760. [Full Text] [PDF]

				C.-H. Lee, Y.-C. Ko, W. Goggins, J.-J. Huang, M.-S. Huang, E.-L. Kao, and H.-Z. Wang Lifetime environmental exposure to tobacco smoke and primary lung cancer of non-smoking Taiwanese women Int. J. Epidemiol., April 1, 2000; 29(2): 224 - 231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. P. Shriver, H. A. Bourdeau, C. T. Gubish, D. L. Tirpak, A. L. G. Davis, J. D. Luketich, and J. M. Siegfried Sex-Specific Expression of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor: Relationship to Smoking History and Risk of Lung Cancer J Natl Cancer Inst, January 5, 2000; 92(1): 24 - 33. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. R. Weinberg and D. P. Sandler Gene-by-Environment Interaction for Passive Smoking and Glutathione S-Transferase M1? J Natl Cancer Inst, December 1, 1999; 91(23): 1985 - 1986. [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. P. Bennett, M. C. R. Alavanja, B. Blomeke, K. H. Vahakangas, K. Castren, J. A. Welsh, E. D. Bowman, M. A. Khan, D. B. Flieder, and C. C. Harris Environmental Tobacco Smoke, Genetic Susceptibility, and Risk of Lung Cancer in Never-Smoking Women J Natl Cancer Inst, December 1, 1999; 91(23): 2009 - 2014. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P.N. Lee and A.J. Thornton Review : A Critical Commentary on Views Expressed by IARC in Relation to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Lung Cancer Indoor and Built Environment, May 1, 1998; 7(3): 129 - 145. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A K Hackshaw Lung cancer and passive smoking Statistical Methods in Medical Research, April 1, 1998; 7(2): 119 - 136. [Abstract] [PDF]

				P. N Lee Difficulties in assessing the relationship between passive smoking and lung cancer Statistical Methods in Medical Research, April 1, 1998; 7(2): 137 - 163. [Abstract] [PDF]

				Committee on Environmental Health Environmental Tobacco Smoke: A Hazard to Children Pediatrics, April 1, 1997; 99(4): 639 - 642. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. C. Alavanja, R. C Brownson, E. Berger, J. Lubin, and C. Modigh Avian exposure and risk of lung cancer in women in Missouri: population based case-control study BMJ, November 16, 1996; 313(7067): 1233 - 1235. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. Sugita, T. Izuno, and M. Kanamori Recalculation of Summarised Odds Ratios for the Relationship between Passive Smoking and Lung Cancer Based on Data in the EPA Report Indoor and Built Environment, May 1, 1995; 4(3-4): 177 - 181. [Abstract] [PDF]

				Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical As Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Health Effects and Prevention Policies Arch Fam Med, October 1, 1994; 3(10): 865 - 871. [Abstract] [PDF]

				E. T. H. Fontham, P. Correa, P. Reynolds, A. Wu-Williams, P. A. Buffler, R. S. Greenberg, V. W. Chen, T. Alterman, P. Boyd, D. F. Austin, et al. Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Lung Cancer in Nonsmoking Women: A Multicenter Study JAMA, June 8, 1994; 271(22): 1752 - 1759. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R.S. Richardson, C. Coggins, J. E. Haddow, G. E. Palomaki, B. A. Chilmonczyk, and P. Boyle The Hazards of Active and Passive Smoking N. Engl. J. Med., November 18, 1993; 329(21): 1580 - 1581. [Full Text]